The mast is wedged into the deck to help transfer the load from the sail to the hull. The wedges are shaped for maximum contact to spread out and reduce the force. They will also determine the rake (lean) of the mast by their shape. Cleats are used to secure the halyards for peak & throat.
Chainplates distribute the stress through the planking to a frame and thus throughout the hull.A shroud attaches to the chainplate and stabilizes the mast side to stide. It is adjusted with a turnbuckle. The large through u-bolt will attach the forestay and can also be used to attach a painter.
The rudder is attached to the boat with pintles and gudgeons. The tiller passes beneath the traveler which allows the mainsheet block to travel side to side without interfering with the helm. The traveler is under a lot of stress since it carries the boom side of the sail pressure and the deck is reinforced beneath so it carries the load across several planks.
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